Sacramento - The California Franchise Tax Board (FTB) kicked off the 2024 tax filing season by providing taxpayers with important information on cash-back tax credits, disaster loss relief, and the advantages of filing electronically.. Taxpayers must pay any taxes owed by April 15 to avoid penalties. The FTB started accepting state tax … California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... Your subsequent annual tax payments will continue to be due on the 15th day of the 4th month of your taxable year. The annual tax payment is due with LLC Tax Voucher (FTB 3522). Paying your annual tax Online Bank account (Web Pay) Credit card Mail Franchise Tax Board PO Box 942857 Sacramento CA 94257-0631 . Use FTB 3522 when paying by mail. California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... These four tax agencies work together to bring you the California Tax Service Center: California Department of Tax and Fee Administration (CDTFA) – Sales …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …A CA State Franchise Tax Board wage garnishment can be avoided altogether by communicating with the tax board and responding to notices. Even if you can’t pay your tax liability in full, payment plans are available to ease the burden. The tax board prefers to work out an arrangement for you to pay your tax than to take enforcement action.California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …Welcome to the California Franchise Tax Board Open Data Portal. Transparent Historical Information and Statistical Research Data. Your feedback is important …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …Franchise Tax Board (FTB) Our mission is to help taxpayers file tax returns timely, accurately, and pay the correct amount to fund services important to Californians. …Head of household. Qualifying surviving spouse/RDP with dependent child. * California taxable income Enter line 19 of 2023 Form 540 or Form 540NR. Caution: This calculator does not figure tax for Form 540 2EZ. Use the 540 2EZ Tax Tables on the Tax Calculator, Tables, and Rates page. Do not include dollar signs ($), commas (,), decimal points ... Tax Year Updating this field may cause other fields on this page to be updated and/or removed. 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 and older Taxpayer Type This includes PTE elective tax payments made with the entity’s return. The PTE elective tax payment cannot be combined with the entity’s other tax payments. To pay by voucher, print the FTB 3893 Voucher from FTB's website and mail it to the FTB, along with the payment, to “Franchise Tax Board, P.O. Box 942857, Sacramento, CA 94257-0531.”.California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ...Entity Status Letter requests made within this period will show the old entity name until FTB's records have been updated. To search, enter either an Entity ID or Entity Name. Entity ID 7 or 12 numbers only, no dashes (Entity ID Search). Help with Entity ID. Please choose a name search method. By Name (Exact search from beginning of name)California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... PO Box 219. Rancho Cordova CA 95741-0219. Estates and trusts. Attn: Estates and Trusts Audit Unit; MS: F-320. Franchise Tax Board. PO Box 1673. Sacramento CA 95812-1673. Executive officer. California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ...California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ...Tax Year Updating this field may cause other fields on this page to be updated and/or removed. 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 and older Taxpayer TypeSacramento - The California Franchise Tax Board (FTB) kicked off the 2024 tax filing season by providing taxpayers with important information on cash-back tax credits, disaster loss relief, and the advantages of filing electronically.. Taxpayers must pay any taxes owed by April 15 to avoid penalties. The FTB started accepting state tax …Complete and sign this page. Mail it to: FRANCHISE TAX BOARD, PO BOX 2952, SACRAMENTO CA 95812-2952. If we approve your request, we agree to accept monthly installment payments instead of immediate payment in full. In return, you agree to the taxpayer installment agreement conditions on PAGE 1 of this form.California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, … Login for Individuals. *= Required Field. Enter your Social Security Number and Last Name below. The combination must match our records in order to access this service. * Social Security Number 9 numbers, no spaces or dashes. * Last Name Up to 17 letters, no special characters. If you use Web Pay, do not mail the paper payment voucher. Login. Entity Status Letter requests made within this period will show the old entity name until FTB's records have been updated. To search, enter either an Entity ID or Entity Name. Entity ID 7 or 12 numbers only, no dashes (Entity ID Search). Help with Entity ID. Please choose a name search method. By Name (Exact search from beginning of name) California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... Login for Business. Select your Entity Type and enter your Entity ID below. The combination must match our records in order to access this service. If you use …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, … Tax Year Updating this field may cause other fields on this page to be updated and/or removed. 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 and older Taxpayer Type California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …Tax Preparer Enforcement MS F-142. Franchise Tax Board. PO Box 1468. Sacramento, CA 95812-1468. Tax preparer providing questionable tax practices. Franchise Tax Board. Phone. 800-540-3453. Fax.State of California Franchise Tax Board Corporate Logo ... e-ServicesCalifornia Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... Your subsequent annual tax payments will continue to be due on the 15th day of the 4th month of your taxable year. The annual tax payment is due with LLC Tax Voucher (FTB 3522). Paying your annual tax Online Bank account (Web Pay) Credit card Mail Franchise Tax Board PO Box 942857 Sacramento CA 94257-0631 . Use FTB 3522 when paying by mail. The official website of the California Franchise Tax Board, the agency that administers personal income tax, corporation tax, and alternative minimum tax. …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, … California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... Federal Income and Payroll Tax; State Income Tax; State Payroll Tax; Sales and Use Tax and Special Taxes and Fees; Federal Income and Payroll Tax. Visit the IRS website or contact a local office in California. Customer service phone numbers: Tax Forms: 1-800-829-3676; Refund/Tax information: 1-800-829-4477; General information: 1-800-829-1040 Numbers in Mailing Address Up to 6 numbers; if none, leave blank. ZIP Code 5 numbers only; if none, leave blank. * Refund Amount Whole dollars, no special characters. Refund amount claimed on your 2023 California tax return: 540 … California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …California Secretary of State file number California corporation number FEIN. Side 2 Form 100 2022 3602223 CA Net Income 18 Net income (loss) for state purposes . Complete Schedule R if apportioning or allocating income . See instructions 00 .• ... 8300, 8865, etc .) been filed with the Franchise Tax Board? . . . . . . ... Franchise Tax Board PO Box 942840 Sacramento CA 94240-0002; Visit Instructions for Form FTB 3533 for more information. Businesses. Complete Change of Address for Businesses, Exempt Organizations, Estates and Trusts (Form 3533-B) Mail your form Franchise Tax Board PO Box 942840 Sacramento CA 94240-0002 California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …To get form FTB 3500A, go to ftb.ca.gov/forms and search for 3500A. The organization must notify the FTB when the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) revokes their federal tax‑exempt status. The FTB will revoke the tax‑exempt status if the entity fails to meet certain state provisions governing exempt organizations. California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ...California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... Tax Year Updating this field may cause other fields on this page to be updated and/or removed. 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 and older Taxpayer Type Franchise Tax Board (FTB) Our mission is to help taxpayers file tax returns timely, accurately, and pay the correct amount to fund services important to Californians. …Tax Preparer Enforcement MS F-142. Franchise Tax Board. PO Box 1468. Sacramento, CA 95812-1468. Tax preparer providing questionable tax practices. Franchise Tax Board. Phone. 800-540-3453. Fax.Mail your form or written request to: Data Storage Section. Franchise Tax Board. PO Box 1570. Rancho Cordova, CA 95741-1570. There is a $20.00 fee for each tax return year you request. There is no charge for a copy of your return if you're requesting a return for a tax year in which you were the victim of a designated California state disaster ...California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …Login for Business. *= Required Field. Select your Entity Type and enter your Entity ID below. The combination must match our records in order to access this service. * Entity Type. If you use Web Pay, do not mail the paper payment voucher. Login.Franchise Tax Board PO Box 942867 Sacramento CA 94267-0001. Allow at least 8 weeks to receive the new refund check. Use refund towards your estimated payments. If you haven’t filed your income taxes yet, visit estimated tax payments. Contact us about refunds Phone 800-852-5711 916-845-6500 (outside the U.S.) Weekdays, 8 AM to 5 PM Chat … Federal Income and Payroll Tax; State Income Tax; State Payroll Tax; Sales and Use Tax and Special Taxes and Fees; Federal Income and Payroll Tax. Visit the IRS website or contact a local office in California. Customer service phone numbers: Tax Forms: 1-800-829-3676; Refund/Tax information: 1-800-829-4477; General information: 1-800-829-1040 California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ...Franchise Tax Board PO Box 942840 Sacramento, CA 94240-0040. Customer service phone numbers: Tax information/Refund/Forms: 1-800-338-0505; Other …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ..., includes information on state taxpayers’ rights. Get FTB 4058 at . ftb.ca.gov. or call us at 800.338.0505 (select Personal Income Tax), or mail us at FRANCHISE TAX BOARD, PO BOX 942840, SACRAMENTO CA 94240-0040. I (we) declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of California that this Financial Statement is true, correct,California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ...This includes PTE elective tax payments made with the entity’s return. The PTE elective tax payment cannot be combined with the entity’s other tax payments. To pay by voucher, print the FTB 3893 Voucher from FTB's website and mail it to the FTB, along with the payment, to “Franchise Tax Board, P.O. Box 942857, Sacramento, CA 94257-0531.”.California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ...
California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and .... Halfwicked
California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ...Find forms, publications, payment options, and reporting requirements for state and local taxes in California. Learn about income tax, payroll tax, sales and use tax, …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …State of California Franchise Tax Board Corporate Logo. Timeframes. Wait Times . ... Visit FTB.ca.gov and search Create a MyFTB Account. Customer service (Pre-filing assistance, Notice of tax return change, Income tax due) Closed 8 AM - 5 PM. 2024. Self serve. 800-338-0505 ... Your exact refund amount. Numbers in your mailing address. If your mailing address is 1234 Main Street, the numbers are 1234. How long it normally takes to receive a refund. e-file: Up to 3 weeks. Paper: Up to 3 months. Some tax returns need extra review for accuracy, completeness, and to protect taxpayers from fraud and identity theft. California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, … California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ...Franchise Tax Board (FTB) Our mission is to help taxpayers file tax returns timely, accurately, and pay the correct amount to fund services important to Californians. …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, …California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... State of California Franchise Tax Board Corporate Logo ... e-Services The official website of the California Franchise Tax Board, the agency that administers personal income tax, corporation tax, and alternative minimum tax. …Franchise Tax Board PO Box 1468 Sacramento CA 95812-1468. Phone: 916-845-7088: IL: We revised or disallowed your claimed withholding because you did not provide sufficient documentation in response to our notice, FTB 4538 ENS, Tax Information and Document Request. If you feel this is an error, please contact the Filing Compliance Bureau: California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... Numbers in Mailing Address Up to 6 numbers; if none, leave blank. ZIP Code 5 numbers only; if none, leave blank. * Refund Amount Whole dollars, no special characters. Refund amount claimed on your 2023 California tax return: 540 2EZ, line 32. 540, line 99. 540NR, line 103. California Franchise Tax Board Certification date July 1, 2023 Contact Accessible Technology Program. The undersigned certify that, as of July 1, 2023, the website of the Franchise Tax Board is designed, developed, and maintained to be accessible. This denotes compliance with the following: California Government Code Sections 7405, 11135, and ... .