27,846. Sticky: 2025 BMW iX Order & Pricing Guides ( 1 2 3) smithf80. 02-16-2024 11:14 PM. by LVBMW. 54.Very simple. You have to start the car to test the alternator but it again just is reading voltage. Your battery will not supply above 13.2V so when you have more than that, the alternator is working. I don't remember how the starter test works but I think it is looking at the voltage drop when the starter is engaged.BMW 1 Series Coupe/Convertible Forums. Forum. Last Post. Threads. Posts. Coupe and Convertible General Discussion. Discuss general topics related to the 2008 …Drives: BMW 135i. Join Date: May 2010. Location: Australia. iTrader: ( 0) E92 M3 Side Mirrors on a 135i. Ok, As the subject outlines i wonder if the E92 M3 side mirrors fit the 135i??? My brother has a E92 and I must say the base of the mirror looks identical on the cars. Has anyone done this?BMW 1-Series Forum (F20) 135i - 1Addicts.com > Second Generation 1 Series Forum > DIY Guides and InstructionsE88 roof won’t open. New to the forum and done a bit of searching and was hoping there would be a similar issue. Just got the wife a 2009 m sport. The roof does not open and was hoping to trouble shoot it myself. 1. Push roof open and red flashing light. 2. Checked tray in boot and pulled down. 3.iTrader: ( 1) Garage List. 2008 BMW 128i [10.00] Short Shift Kit SSK alternative using Stock N54 Lever. So in my pursuit to modify the shifter to be more enjoyable while still preserving all that is good about the 128i/328i stock feel I had to go a different path than a e8x 128i/e9x 328i SSK. This obsession began with sitting in the …Welcome to the worldwide 1Addicts group! Please post up a picture of your ride and introduce yourself. We created this to offer a non-regional group...Apr 10, 2007 · BMW 1 Series Coupe Forum / 1 Series Convertible Forum (1M / tii / 135i / 128i / Coupe / Cabrio / Hatchback) (BMW E82 E88 128i 130i 135i) > Technical / Specific Topics ... Posted from 1addicts.com App for Android _____ Appreciate 0 Quote 08-03-2013, 03:22 PM #9: tomkiti. New Member. 0. Rep. 8 ... Group for BMW E82 1-Series (128i, 135i, 1M) parts and car classifieds. Any posts not pertaining to BMW E82 parts and cars will be deleted and the user banned.BMW Rear Guide Rod Kit - Better traction and handling. *Aluminum guide rods are made of all aluminum, a lightweight component thereby reducing wear and tear on other, more critical parts (rear subframe, control arm bushings, etc) Each guide rod weighs just over 1.5 lbs making for a total of ~3 lbs for both parts (stock guide rods weigh 2.1 lbs ...E88 roof won’t open. New to the forum and done a bit of searching and was hoping there would be a similar issue. Just got the wife a 2009 m sport. The roof does not open and was hoping to trouble shoot it myself. 1. Push roof open and red flashing light. 2. Checked tray in boot and pulled down. 3.Welcome to the worldwide 1Addicts group! Please post up a picture of your ride and introduce yourself. We created this to offer a non-regional group for meets, media, and for-sale posts. Please feel free to invite anyone who …BMW 1 Series Coupe Forum / 1 Series Convertible Forum (1M / tii / 135i / 128i / Coupe / Cabrio / Hatchback) (BMW E82 E88 128i 130i 135i) > BMW 1 Series Coupe/Convertible Forums > BMW 1M Forum / 1-series M Coupe Forum Apr 10, 2007 · 1Addicts.com, BIMMERPOST.com, E90Post.com, F30Post.com, M3Post.com, ZPost.com, 5Post.com, 6Post.com, 7Post.com, XBimmers.com logo and trademark are properties of ... Apr 15, 2019 · E82 Suspension Geometry. I have been working to create an accurate model of the E82 suspension geometry to allow me to understand its fundamental characteristics (bump steer, camber gain, roll centre, scrub radius, trail) as a function of those characteristics that can be tuned for performance purposes (ride height, camber, caster, toe). Here is where I am at. Brand Rate Drop Price. TCK SA 400/600 1”/25mm $2200. BMWPS 160/240 .39"/10mm $1500. Koni/Swift 201/503 1"/25mm $1000. Bilstein B12 148/456 .59"/15mm $800. Here is the standard suspension post disclosure, I want something sporty and stiffer, but keep in mind this is my daily. BMW 1 Series Coupe Forum / 1 Series Convertible Forum (1M / tii / 135i / 128i / Coupe / Cabrio / Hatchback) (BMW E82 E88 128i 130i 135i) > Technical / Specific Topics > Wheels & Tires Sponsored by The Tire Rack Originally Posted by gixracer. So how are you connecting the 128 driveshaft to a 135 diff. 128’s are 4 bolts 135’s are a 50mm nut. That nut needs to be turned clockwise when you are looking backwards with your head under the driveshaft. For the 128 it’s simple by removing the 4 bolts. Drives: BMW 135I. Join Date: Mar 2017. Location: Canada, Ontario. iTrader: ( 0) 135i Best Possible Mods! Hey 1Addicts! Last week I sold my G35 and purchased a 135I, and damn did I make a good choice. Loving the car, and now its time to put some work into it. I have a couple modifications in my mind to do first including interior, exterior and ...128i Sport 6MT converted to Euro 130i spec, 3.73 diff, tuned by evolve ~220 whp 207 wtq(ft-lb) SAE In-progress: //M front arm, M3 rack, e36M lip Wishlist: Coils, n55 mnts, headers, LSD, e60 finn diff "The 1-series is the last car that BMW engineered before the Germans, as a car-making culture, fell out of love with driving."Jul 25, 2012 · Drives: E82 135i. Join Date: Mar 2011. Location: Surrey, England. iTrader: ( 0) Spacers for E82 w/261 Wheels. I'm looking for a temporary solution to giving my 135i a more aggressive look while I decide on an alternate set of wheels and suspension. I hate the way the the wheels look tucked in although the wider rear track helps a little. Posted from 1addicts.com App for Android _____ Appreciate 0 Quote 08-03-2013, 03:22 PM #9: tomkiti. New Member. 0. Rep. 8 ... Someone on this forum mentioned that the new M3 and M4 run with solid RSFB's, so NVH must not be so bad with stiffer durometer AKG rubber or aluminium bushings. I DIY'ed M3 RSFB's on my 135i, and it made a huge difference in handling and rear end planted fealing. Cant help but wonder what solid's would have been like.Location: Delaware. iTrader: ( 7) Boston Leather is some kind of magical leather that feels like vinyl, wears like stainless steel and will probably be an awesome find in 15 years when it finally softens up. Mine is at 36k, has seen lots of lexol and is about as plush as my dads 1956 vinyl seated crown victoria.Originally Posted by cpt97m3. The control arms should be torqued at the proper ride height, but if you measure center of hub to fender, you can just jack up the hub to that height with the tire off. This is the torque settings I have seen before: Tightening Torques. Control arm to steering knuckle. Welcome to the BMW 1-Series Forum (F20) 135i - 1Addicts.com. Welcome to BIMMERPOST, the ultimate BMW forum and community! You will have to REGISTER before you can post: click the register link above to proceed. However, feel free to browse all you want until you are ready to register. BMW 1-Series Forum (F20) 135i - 1Addicts.com > Second Generation 1 Series Forum > 2012 BMW 1-Series Sporthatch (F20) Discussion > DriveTrain warning issue Post Reply Thread Tools: Search this Thread 09-07-2017, 09:28 AM #1: nadeem. New Member. 18. Rep. 22. Posts. Drives: BMW F20 2014. Join Date ...1addicts.com. Retrieved 21 October 2014. ^ "BMW 1-series 2005 – Geneva Motor Show". www.caranddriver.com. Retrieved 23 September 2017. ^ "2006 BMW 130i ...Sep 23, 2012 · Drives: Yes. Join Date: Dec 2010. Location: Left. iTrader: ( 0) E92 M3 Rear Subframe + Diff upgrade. Just wanted to post some pics of the E92 M3 subframe that I have bought. The cheapest I could find was $2340 minus the brake rotors or calipers. Already have the M3 driveshaft so just have to wait the 4-6 weeks for this to arrive. BMW 1 Series Coupe Forum / 1 Series Convertible Forum (1M / tii / 135i / 128i / Coupe / Cabrio / Hatchback) (BMW E82 E88 128i 130i 135i) > BMW 1 Series Coupe/Convertible Forums > BMW 1M Forum / 1-series M Coupe Forum Query about lack of info on the on-board computerJan 3, 2022 · iTrader: ( 0) 2012 F20 Engine oil pressure low warning appears randomly. Greetings everyone, My 2012 F20 118i Urban series with 105000kms on the clock is emitting out lot of white smoke and also there is an "Engine oil pressure low" warning message. It goes off after switching off the ignition and comes up randomly (after driving 100-200kms). Apr 10, 2007 · BMW 1 Series Coupe Forum / 1 Series Convertible Forum (1M / tii / 135i / 128i / Coupe / Cabrio / Hatchback) (BMW E82 E88 128i 130i 135i) > Technical / Specific Topics 128i Engine (N52), Exhaust and Drivetrain Modifications We have also now released our engine tuning upgrade for the 116i which takes it to 200hp and costs £1966 inc VAT. This includes our comprehensive engine/drivetrain warranty which runs alongside the BMW warranty for the first 2 years (from new, extendable to 3 years).First step is to remove the 2 10mm nuts holding that black curved bracket. Once you have this bracket removed, you'll now have access to the entire battery as shown: Second step is to remove the battery's negative terminal using your 10mm socket and rachet. You don't need to completely remove the nut.Drives: BMW 135i. Join Date: May 2010. Location: Australia. iTrader: ( 0) E92 M3 Side Mirrors on a 135i. Ok, As the subject outlines i wonder if the E92 M3 side mirrors fit the 135i??? My brother has a E92 and I must say the base of the mirror looks identical on the cars. Has anyone done this?BMW 1 Series Coupe Forum / 1 Series Convertible Forum (1M / tii / 135i / 128i / Coupe / Cabrio / Hatchback) (BMW E82 E88 128i 130i 135i) > BMW 1 Series Coupe/Convertible Forums > BMW 1M Forum / 1-series M Coupe Forum Welcome to the BMW 1-Series Forum (F20) 135i - 1Addicts.com. Welcome to BIMMERPOST, the ultimate BMW forum and community! You will have to REGISTER …BMW 1 Series Coupe Forum / 1 Series Convertible Forum (1M / tii / 135i / 128i / Coupe / Cabrio / Hatchback) (BMW E82 E88 128i 130i 135i) > BMW 1 Series Coupe/Convertible Forums > Photos and Videos Forum …The pumpkin can be removed without dropping the subframe. With the right tools, you should be able to replace the differential bushings without dropping the subframe as well. To install new subframe bushings you need to drop the subframe. And dropping the subframe requires disconnecting the hard brake lines. 135i powered by 300hp 3.0L single, twin-scroll turbocharged N55 motor. 128i powered by 230hp 3.0L 230hp inline 6. 135i can be equipped with 7-speed DCT (good for 0-60 in 5.0 sec) New rear differential with a new generation of final drives optimized for running smoothness and fuel efficiency. Technology: Location: Dfw. iTrader: ( 0) Burning oil/ blue smoke. Ok, I just did a bunch of work, walnut blast, fmic, dp, exhaust, occ, oil change. Now it's burning oil and I get blue smoke when I putt around without boost. I stop at a light and a patch of smoke floats by. But when I drive the shit out of it there is no smoke when I stop at a light. Start with removing this bolt cover. Remove the T-20 machine screw. Using a flat head (be careful not to scratch your fake wood), find the gap under the door handle between the wood and handle. Twist the flat head to pop the wood cover open a little. Then use your hand and slowly pull it off.BMW 1 Series Coupe/Convertible Forums. Forum. Last Post. Threads. Posts. Coupe and Convertible General Discussion. Discuss general topics related to the 2008-2014 BMW 1-Series Coupe and Convertible models. Phone mounts. by Almuliman. M3 Rear Suspension Arms. 1 – Wheel Carrier (Upright) 4 – Camber Arm. 10 – (Semi-)Trailing Arm. 13 – Steering Arm (Toe Control Arm) 17 – Wishbone (Upper Arm) 18 – Guide Rod. These members provide the functional equivalent of a double A-arm suspension, with the triangles formed by the two upper arms (green) and the two lower …BMW Performance Shift Knob BMW Performance Alcantara Boot. retail $114.95 $55.00. GetBMWParts $88.00 $44.00. 35% off retail $74.72 $35.75. (sorry about my table, can't get anything to line up. But you get the point, cool, brand new, shifter and boot, decent price!) Last edited by MikeinAlexandria; 11-01-2010 at 02:38 PM..Someone on this forum mentioned that the new M3 and M4 run with solid RSFB's, so NVH must not be so bad with stiffer durometer AKG rubber or aluminium bushings. I DIY'ed M3 RSFB's on my 135i, and it made a huge difference in handling and rear end planted fealing. Cant help but wonder what solid's would have been like.TL;DR – Purchased a AW 128i, traded in for a AW 135i 6 months later, got totaled by someone 2 years later, bought another JB 135i 1 month after, got hit recently, and now…. Onto the fun part…. I’ve been eyeing the 1M conversion project for a long time (since the white 135i), and of course, it was just too damn expensive.Cheapest Price Guaranteed!! SCOOPS ARE SOLD OUT SORRY. Sold in pairs each kit comes with mounting screw. Utilizes oem mounting location for easy install. Directs more air into the factory intake. Better Air Flow = Better Performance and throttle response. Made from aluminum material with black paint finish. Price is $49 shipped to any country! 1Addicts Myspace Group. 135i_TT's Avatar · 135i_TT 01:43 AM 11-16-2008. I saw the Sticky for facebook and I had made one for myspace a long time ago just forgot ...BMW F20 Heated Mirror Retrofit - Help Needed. Cruwil. 04-25-2023 03:00 AM. by IJO. 5. 582. Fuel Filter. Rsa69Sa.Originally Posted by cpt97m3. The control arms should be torqued at the proper ride height, but if you measure center of hub to fender, you can just jack up the hub to that height with the tire off. This is the torque settings I have seen before: Tightening Torques. Control arm to steering knuckle. In order to do anything with the files, you will need to download and install the Standard Tools and might as well get ISTA (Rheingold) also. Read the guide. Follow it step by step. Its extremely thorough. Appreciate 1. desertman123. 2211.00.Jul 25, 2012 · Drives: E82 135i. Join Date: Mar 2011. Location: Surrey, England. iTrader: ( 0) Spacers for E82 w/261 Wheels. I'm looking for a temporary solution to giving my 135i a more aggressive look while I decide on an alternate set of wheels and suspension. I hate the way the the wheels look tucked in although the wider rear track helps a little. ROYAL SPORTING ARMS. Royal Sporting Arms Specializes in Bespoke Shotguns, Custom 1911's, and custom engraving / stock making. Our Showroom is located in Davie / Greater ft-lauderdale FL area. In regards to 1911's we are Elite tier dealers of Nighthawk, Wilson Combat, Guncrafter, Les Baer among some others. E88 roof won’t open. New to the forum and done a bit of searching and was hoping there would be a similar issue. Just got the wife a 2009 m sport. The roof does not open and was hoping to trouble shoot it myself. 1. Push roof open and red flashing light. 2. Checked tray in boot and pulled down. 3.Jul 19, 2016 · The Ultimate 1-Series Buyer's Guide. Featured on BIMMERPOST.com. Many times over we've seen newcomers post with questions regarding what to look for when purchasing a 1-Series for the first time. My goal, with the support of other 1 ADDICTS, is to make this thread the ultimate "one stop shop" for first time buyers. Therefore, I thought that I would post up my feedback on the install for the M3 Strut Tower Brace kit for our 1 series cars. I purchased the kit from HP Autowerkes and had it shipped to Australia. For the install I referred to the following DIY guide and therefore all credit goes to Bill. For photos, refer to his DIY.M3 Rear Suspension Arms. 1 – Wheel Carrier (Upright) 4 – Camber Arm. 10 – (Semi-)Trailing Arm. 13 – Steering Arm (Toe Control Arm) 17 – Wishbone (Upper Arm) 18 – Guide Rod. These members provide the functional equivalent of a double A-arm suspension, with the triangles formed by the two upper arms (green) and the two lower …Jan 15, 2015 · M3 Rear Suspension Arms. 1 – Wheel Carrier (Upright) 4 – Camber Arm. 10 – (Semi-)Trailing Arm. 13 – Steering Arm (Toe Control Arm) 17 – Wishbone (Upper Arm) 18 – Guide Rod. These members provide the functional equivalent of a double A-arm suspension, with the triangles formed by the two upper arms (green) and the two lower arms ... Aug 1, 2011 ... Image via 1Addicts. Second BMW 1-Series M Coupe crashed in Poland. Image via Motofilm.pl. First BMW 1-Series M Coupe wrecked. Image via ...Apr 10, 2007 · BMW 1 Series Coupe Forum / 1 Series Convertible Forum (1M / tii / 135i / 128i / Coupe / Cabrio / Hatchback) (BMW E82 E88 128i 130i 135i) > Technical / Specific Topics 135i Turbo Engine (N54 / N55), Exhaust and Drivetrain Modifications For the E82 enthusiasts that are willing to unite for a nationwide 1er meet! Welcome to the 1Addicts Discussion & Marketplace group! My vision of this group is for …Someone on this forum mentioned that the new M3 and M4 run with solid RSFB's, so NVH must not be so bad with stiffer durometer AKG rubber or aluminium bushings. I DIY'ed M3 RSFB's on my 135i, and it made a huge difference in handling and rear end planted fealing. Cant help but wonder what solid's would have been like.Multiple NGK plugs on Amazon have a bunch of positive reviews, all mentioning BMWs with N52s, all saying they run just fine. I honestly don't think it'll make that big of a difference. There's a bunch of threads accross 1Addicts, E90Post, etc. discussing various plugs. All I know is I bought the NGK LFR6AIX-11 and I haven't had a single hiccup.27,846. Sticky: 2025 BMW iX Order & Pricing Guides ( 1 2 3) smithf80. 02-16-2024 11:14 PM. by LVBMW. 54.BMW 1 Series Coupe Forum / 1 Series Convertible Forum (1M / tii / 135i / 128i / Coupe / Cabrio / Hatchback) (BMW E82 E88 128i 130i 135i) > Technical / Specific Topics > Maintenance (Oil, Fluids, Break-In) / Servicing / Warranty Cornering Light Malfunction - What bulb to replace and get?First step is to remove the 2 10mm nuts holding that black curved bracket. Once you have this bracket removed, you'll now have access to the entire battery as shown: Second step is to remove the battery's negative terminal using your 10mm socket and rachet. You don't need to completely remove the nut.Ideal Tires and Sizes for 2011 135i M Sport - 261M. Hello everyone! I am new here (and relatively new to BMW) but I am loving my 2011 135i M Sport with DCT. Car is totally stock with 261M rims and Bridgestone RFT tires, 215/40/18 front and 245/35/18 rear. It's come time for me to get new tires...and I really do not like the hard ride and noise ...The pumpkin can be removed without dropping the subframe. With the right tools, you should be able to replace the differential bushings without dropping the subframe as well. To install new subframe bushings you need to drop the subframe. And dropping the subframe requires disconnecting the hard brake lines.2Addicts | BMW 2-Series forum Statistics. Threads: 1,872,395, Posts: 29,048,866, Members: 536,344. Welcome to our newest member, macrozz. Forum Contains New Posts. Forum Contains No New Posts. All times are GMT -5. The time now is 09:14 AM. Forum for BMW 1-Series 3-Series 5-Series 7-Series M3 M5 M6 Z4 X1 X3 X5 X6 Z2 …Code 2DCE-Valvetronic Failure. Last couple days I've been having starting issues, thought it was the HFPF going out but hooked laptop up to JB4 this morning and read the 2dce code; yanked the JB4 and USB cable out and limped into work... taking car to dealer at lunch (5 miles away from work) I found a SIB (SI B12 14 10) relating to the code for ... Rating - Car. 1- BMW E87 318D with M-package (short test drive, so rating might not be deserved) 3 – Mercedes CLK 230 Kompressor (lowered) 3- BMW E36 318TI (97 model, M-tech everything with open diff) 4 -BMW E36 318I Sedan (91 model ,40mm lowering springs and open diff) 4,5 BMW F20 116I (Stock Open E-diff. Rating based on …Drives: E82 135i. Join Date: Mar 2011. Location: Surrey, England. iTrader: ( 0) Spacers for E82 w/261 Wheels. I'm looking for a temporary solution to giving my 135i a more aggressive look while I decide on an alternate set of wheels and suspension. I hate the way the the wheels look tucked in although the wider rear track helps a little.E88 roof won’t open. New to the forum and done a bit of searching and was hoping there would be a similar issue. Just got the wife a 2009 m sport. The roof does not open and was hoping to trouble shoot it myself. 1. Push roof open and red flashing light. 2. Checked tray in boot and pulled down. 3.REP. 9. Posts. Drives: 2015 M235i loaded <20K miles. Join Date: Jan 2010. Location: San Diego. iTrader: ( 0) E82 cup holders. looking for an additional larger cup holder for my 2011 135i coupe. Drives: BMW F20. Join Date: Jan 2021. Location: Norfolk. iTrader: ( 0) F20 Speaker upgrade. Hi guys, this has probably been covered many times before but I have looked and I can't seem to find a straight answer. I have a 2016 BMW F20 and the stock speakers in it are awful. I have combed the internet (albeit probably not very well) and I …Join Date: Dec 2016. Location: Herts, UK. iTrader: ( 0) Garage List. 2013 BMW 525d F11 [0.00] F20 Cruise Control Retrofit. I recently put cruise control on my F20, and although I had no previous experience of eSys coding, I managed to get that installed & running first time too. The steps I went through were:
Just a heads up they have very bad barrel clearance, even for 17s. E39 style 32s did not fit over my 330i's brakes. On my 128i with the standard brakes the clearance is fine, but it might be an issue with a big brake kit or on a 135i. E39 Style 32s wouldn’t fit an e82 - the offset is way too low (ET20). . Chandler jackson funeral abbeville
Welcome to the worldwide 1Addicts group! Please post up a picture of your ride and introduce yourself. We created this to offer a non-regional group for meets, …Welcome to the BMW 1 Series Coupe Forum / 1 Series Convertible Forum (1M / tii / 135i / 128i / Coupe / Cabrio / Hatchback) (BMW E82 E88 128i 130i 135i). In order to do anything with the files, you will need to download and install the Standard Tools and might as well get ISTA (Rheingold) also. Read the guide. Follow it step by step. Its extremely thorough. Appreciate 1. desertman123. 2211.00.Jul 25, 2012 · Drives: E82 135i. Join Date: Mar 2011. Location: Surrey, England. iTrader: ( 0) Spacers for E82 w/261 Wheels. I'm looking for a temporary solution to giving my 135i a more aggressive look while I decide on an alternate set of wheels and suspension. I hate the way the the wheels look tucked in although the wider rear track helps a little. In order to do anything with the files, you will need to download and install the Standard Tools and might as well get ISTA (Rheingold) also. Read the guide. Follow it step by step. Its extremely thorough. Appreciate 1. desertman123. 2211.00.BMW 1M Forum / 1-series M Coupe Forum. 135i Single Turbo Massive Oil... BMW 1M - Valencia Orange -... >>HP Autowerks<< Slek Designs... Views: 4,217,796 Announcement: Forum Rules/Guidelines/Tips and Tricks! PLEASE READ BEFORE POSTING. Mechanically, the answer is yes - there is a completely open rear differential between the two rear wheels. This open diff is however assisted by an automatic differential braking system that will apply resistance to one wheel …BMW 1 Series Coupe Forum / 1 Series Convertible Forum (1M / tii / 135i / 128i / Coupe / Cabrio / Hatchback) (BMW E82 E88 128i 130i 135i) BMW 1 Series Coupe/Convertible ForumsCurrent: Alpine White M140i F20 LCI-2, 250kW/335hp, 2018. Sold: Melbourne Red 340i F30 LCI Luxury Line MMPK - 265kW/355hp, 2016. Sold: Alpine White 123d e82, 2010, 150kW/204hp. I've been pricing seats out and have asked a few questions over at 1Addicts and have settled on getting the OEM SPORT seats. I've seen multiple threads ...Apr 10, 2007 · The Great White North. 1Addicts.com, BIMMERPOST.com, E90Post.com, F30Post.com, M3Post.com, ZPost.com, 5Post.com, 6Post.com, 7Post.com, XBimmers.com logo and trademark ... DarthBeardy. Not a guide or walkthrough really, just follow a standard Caliper/Rotor guide, swapping in the front rotor/caliper from a 335i, and the rear caliper from a 328i. This enables more stopping power, without sacrificing our e-brake on the 128i. Since I needed new pads/rotors anyway, my net cost was around $200 for the upgrade..